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Related Concept Videos

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:17

Drugs Used in Lower Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
Bronchodilators, the first step of respiration enhancement, come in various forms, each with its own mechanism...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Linarin Inhibits Mast Cell Degranulation and Ameliorates Allergic Rhinitis in Rats by Suppressing ERK/p38 MAPK

Junwei Ma1, Wenyuan Liu1, Rui Peng1

  • 1School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.

Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Linarin, a natural compound, effectively reduces allergic reactions by inhibiting mast cell degranulation and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study confirms its anti-allergic potential and favorable safety profile in preclinical models.

Keywords:
LinarinMAPKallergic rhinitis.anti-allergic activitydegranulationmast cellβ-hexosaminidase (β-Hex)

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Linarin, a flavonoid from Chrysanthemum indicum, is known for anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Its anti-allergic potential and mechanisms require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anti-allergic effects of linarin.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of linarin's action in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Mast cell degranulation was modeled using RBL-2H3 cells stimulated with compound 48/80, measuring beta-hexosaminidase release.
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway proteins were analyzed via Western blotting.
  • An ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis rat model was used, with chlorpheniramine as a positive control. Serum IgE, IL-4, and TNF-α levels were measured, and nasal mucosa histopathology was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Linarin dose-dependently inhibited compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation and reduced beta-hexosaminidase release.
  • Linarin suppressed ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.
  • In rats, linarin treatment significantly lowered serum IgE, IL-4, and TNF-α levels, alleviated nasal mucosal damage, and normalized spleen index without adverse effects on body weight or organ histology.

Conclusions:

  • Linarin demonstrates significant anti-allergic effects by modulating mast cell degranulation and pro-inflammatory cytokine release through MAPK pathway inhibition.
  • Linarin exhibits a favorable safety profile, supporting its potential as a natural anti-allergic agent.