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Evaluation of a Spanish-language Adaptation of Brief Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement for Chronic Pain: A
Carter Minnick1, Adam W Hanley2, Eric L Garland3
1College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. cm25bo@fsu.edu.
Background:
Spanish-speaking individuals in the U.S. face a number of barriers to quality pain care and limited access to culturally adapted treatments. While mindfulness-based interventions are effective for chronic pain, few have been translated for Spanish-speaking populations. This pilot study tested a brief, Spanish-language adaptation of Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (Spanish B-MORE) for Spanish-speaking adults with chronic pain.
Methods:
A single-site, waitlist-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Spanish B-MORE. Spanish-speaking adults with chronic pain (N = 20) were randomized 1:1 to receive the Spanish B-MORE intervention or a waitlist control. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 2-week, and 6-week follow-up. Primary outcome was chronic pain symptoms (PEG-3); secondary and tertiary outcomes included participant-rated intervention acceptability, depression, anxiety, well-being, pain catastrophizing, and proposed therapeutic mechanisms (self-transcendence, mindful reappraisal of pain). Acute effects were also assessed immediately before and after the intervention sessions.
Results:
All participants completed both sessions and all follow-ups. Participants rated the intervention as highly acceptable (M = 9.4/10) and would recommend it to others (M = 9.67/10). Immediately following the intervention, B-MORE significantly reduced pain intensity, pain unpleasantness, and anxiety, all with large Cohen's d effect sizes (d = 1.32-1.48). At six weeks, relative to those in the waitlist-controlled condition, B-MORE participants showed greater improvements on all clinical outcomes.
Conclusions:
Spanish B-MORE may represent a brief, scalable, and culturally responsive intervention for chronic pain in Spanish-speaking populations. These promising findings support further evaluation in larger trials.
Clinical Trial Registration:
NCT06316713.
