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Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
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Unravelling the Link between Inflammatory Biomarkers and Coronary Artery Ectasia Severity: A Systematic Review and

Hang Zhang1, Xin Chen2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Cardiology
|June 12, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Inflammation markers like high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are linked to coronary artery ectasia (CAE). Elevated hs-CRP and lymphocyte levels correlate with CAE severity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is increasingly detected, yet its association with inflammation is debated.
  • Understanding the inflammatory basis of CAE is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between various inflammatory markers and the occurrence and severity of CAE.
  • To identify specific inflammatory indicators associated with CAE development and progression.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive meta-analysis of studies from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.
  • Inclusion of 53 studies with 9,168 participants, analyzing inflammatory markers like hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, WBC, and lymphocyte counts.
  • Statistical analysis using Review Manager 5.3 with fixed-or random-effect models, calculating mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR).

Main Results:

  • CAE patients exhibited higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) compared to controls.
  • Elevated white blood cell (WBC) to neutrophil ratios were observed in CAE patients versus coronary artery disease (CAD) and non-coronary artery (NCA) populations.
  • hs-CRP and lymphocyte levels were positively correlated with CAE severity, with hs-CRP (OR=1.78) and WBC (OR=1.00) identified as significant factors in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory markers including hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and specific inflammatory cells are associated with the occurrence of CAE.
  • hs-CRP and lymphocyte levels serve as potential indicators for assessing the severity of CAE.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery ectasiaHigh-sensitivity C-reactive proteinInflammatory markersInjury severity scoreMeta-analysis

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