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Related Concept Videos

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Regulation of Macrophage Phagocytosis; Quantitation and Imaging
09:10

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Regulation of Macrophage Phagocytosis; Quantitation and Imaging

Published on: July 16, 2021

Regenerative macrophages enhance stem cell-derived β cell function and engraftment.

Bruno F A Freitas1,2,3,4, Sean A Fox1,2,4, Paul C Orban1,2,3,4

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.

Science Advances
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding regenerative macrophages to stem cell-derived beta cells (SC-β cells) during differentiation significantly enhances their maturity and insulin secretion. This approach accelerates functional maturation for type 1 diabetes regenerative cell therapy.

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In Vitro Colony Assays for Characterizing Tri-potent Progenitor Cells Isolated from the Adult Murine Pancreas
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Published on: June 10, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Regulation of Macrophage Phagocytosis; Quantitation and Imaging
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Published on: July 16, 2021

In Vitro Colony Assays for Characterizing Tri-potent Progenitor Cells Isolated from the Adult Murine Pancreas
09:31

In Vitro Colony Assays for Characterizing Tri-potent Progenitor Cells Isolated from the Adult Murine Pancreas

Published on: June 10, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Stem cell-derived beta cells (SC-β cells) show promise for type 1 diabetes treatment.
  • Challenges remain in achieving functional maturity and insulin secretion comparable to endogenous cells.
  • Macrophages play a crucial role in pancreatic islet development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of macrophages on SC-β cell differentiation and function.
  • To determine if polarized macrophages can enhance SC-β cell maturity and insulin secretion.

Main Methods:

  • Human embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells were differentiated into SC-β cells.
  • Autologous SC-macrophages (unpolarized, inflammatory, or regenerative) were coaggregated during stage 7 differentiation.
  • SC-β cell maturity markers, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and metabolic activity were assessed.
  • SC-β cells coaggregated with SC-macrophages were transplanted into diabetic mice.

Main Results:

  • Regenerative macrophages (SC-MRegs) significantly improved SC-β cell maturity marker expression.
  • SC-MRegs enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and metabolic activity in SC-β cells.
  • Transplantation of SC-β cells with SC-MRegs led to faster glycemia normalization in diabetic mice compared to SC-β cells alone.

Conclusions:

  • Co-aggregation with regenerative macrophages accelerates the functional maturation of stem cell-derived beta cells.
  • This macrophage-assisted differentiation strategy represents a significant advancement for SC-β cell therapy in type 1 diabetes.
  • Macrophages can be leveraged to improve the production of functional SC-β cells for regenerative medicine.