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Related Concept Videos

Group Design02:01

Group Design

The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between the two are due to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans
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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

Published on: April 28, 2022

Evaluating Co-Designed vs Researcher-Driven Personalized Feedback Formats in a Brief Digital Alcohol Use

Antoinette Poulton1, Joanna Bowen1, Gezelle Dali1

  • 1Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Journal of Medical Internet Research
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Co-designed digital interventions for alcohol misuse show promise, with users preferring image-based feedback. While co-design principles are valuable, further research is needed to confirm their efficacy over traditional methods.

Keywords:
COM-BCapacity, Opportunity, Motivation–Behavioralcoholco-designcommunity-based participatory researchdigital healthmixed methods designpersonalized intervention

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Published on: January 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Digital Health Interventions
  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Brief digital interventions are increasingly used for alcohol misuse.
  • Tailoring personalized feedback using consumer-driven research is underexplored.
  • The efficacy of co-designed versus researcher-designed interventions needs investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elicit user-designed personalized feedback for a digital alcohol intervention.
  • To investigate differences in behavior change capacity, opportunity, and motivation.
  • To compare participant preference for co-designed versus researcher-designed feedback.
  • To evaluate changes in alcohol consumption based on feedback format.

Main Methods:

  • Exploratory sequential mixed methods approach.
  • Online co-design process with young adults (N=40).
  • Survey of young adult drinkers (N=222) assigned to text-based or image-based feedback (researcher-designed or co-designed).
  • Analysis of capacity, opportunity, motivation, preference, and alcohol consumption changes.

Main Results:

  • Co-designed, image-based feedback was preferred by participants.
  • No significant differences in capacity, opportunity, or motivation across feedback formats.
  • All participants reduced alcohol intake and harm.
  • Image-based feedback (co-designed or researcher-designed) led to greater reduction in drinking frequency compared to text-based.

Conclusions:

  • Co-design principles are valuable in developing digital health interventions.
  • Further research is required to establish the superior efficacy of co-designed interventions compared to those designed solely by researchers.