Using a Virtual Reality CAVE-Based Mindfulness Intervention to Promote Mental Well-Being in Adolescents With Anxiety...

Area of Science:

• Mental Health
• Psychology
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Adolescent anxiety is a significant public health issue impacting social and emotional well-being.
• Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show promise but face engagement challenges.
• Virtual reality (VR) may enhance MBI engagement and effectiveness for adolescents.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a CAVE-based VR-MBI for adolescents with mild-to-moderate anxiety in Hong Kong.
• To explore preliminary effects on psychological and physiological stress regulation.
• To identify facilitators and barriers to engagement in VR-MBI.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods, single-group pre-post study with 42 adolescents in Hong Kong.
• An 8-week group-based VR-MBI using an immersive CAVE environment.
• Feasibility assessed by recruitment, attendance, and retention; psychological outcomes by self-report scales; physiological stress by heart rate variability; experiences by focus groups.

Main Results:

• High feasibility and acceptability observed, with good attendance and engagement.
• No significant changes in self-reported anxiety, depression, or mindfulness.
• Significant improvements in heart rate variability indices, indicating enhanced physiological stress regulation.
• Qualitative data revealed perceived benefits in emotional regulation, stress reduction, focus, and sleep.

Conclusions:

• CAVE-based VR-MBI is feasible and acceptable for anxious adolescents in Hong Kong.
• Physiological improvements and qualitative feedback suggest benefits beyond self-report.
• Further research with controlled designs and longer follow-up is warranted.