Association between grip strength and cause-specific mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver...

Impaired muscle strength is increasingly recognized as an integrative marker of metabolic dysfunction and adverse prognosis. This study aimed to examine the associations between grip strength and cause-specific mortality in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

This cohort study included 92,263 individuals with MASLD from the UK Biobank. Grip strength was categorized into sex-specific tertiles. We used Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines to assess associations between grip strength and the risks of mortality, including all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality (cardiovascular, extrahepatic cancer, liver, and diabetes-related mortality).

During a median follow-up of 13.3 years, 9923 deaths were documented. Restricted cubic splines indicated that grip strength showed linear associations with both all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality. Compared to high grip strength, low grip strength was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality (HR=1.36, 95% CI 1.28-1.43), cardiovascular-related mortality (HR=1.54, 95% CI 1.28-1.87), cancer-related mortality (HR=1.25, 95% CI 1.14-1.38), liver-related mortality (HR=1.76, 95% CI 1.08-2.87) and diabetes-related mortality (HR=2.40, 95% CI 1.36-4.23). These associations were generally consistent across age and sex subgroups. Notably, the protective association between high grip strength and reduced risk of cardiovascular mortality was more pronounced in participants aged ≥60 years (HR=0.86, 95% CI 0.82-0.91) compared to those <60 years (HR=0.96, 95% CI 0.88-1.04).

Lower grip strength was associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in patients with MASLD. Muscle strength management may be considered as part of the care strategy for MASLD patients.