Patient Mania Questionnaire-9: Spanish Language and Cultural Adaptation.

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Mental Health
• Health Equity

Background:

• Patient-reported outcomes are crucial for monitoring mental health conditions like bipolar disorder.
• Existing tools for manic symptom assessment often lack culturally and linguistically appropriate Spanish adaptations.
• This gap can lead to disparities in mental healthcare for Spanish-speaking populations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate the acceptability and cultural appropriateness of a Spanish-language adaptation of the Patient Mania Questionnaire-9 (PMQ-9).
• To enhance symptom monitoring tools for Spanish-speaking individuals with bipolar disorder.
• To address inequities in mental health care access.

Main Methods:

• A two-phase mixed-methods study was conducted, involving cross-cultural adaptation of the PMQ-9.
• Phase I: Surveyed 71 Spanish-speaking mental health clinicians across 10 countries on translation accuracy, usability, and cultural relevance.
• Phase II: Conducted interviews with 11 Spanish-speaking adults diagnosed with bipolar disorder to assess clarity, acceptability, and cultural resonance.

Main Results:

• Clinicians reported high usability (87.1%) and recommendability (96%) for the Spanish PMQ-9, with high cultural relevance ratings (mean 4.1/5).
• Feedback from clinicians and patients highlighted the need for minor wording refinements and acknowledged regional linguistic variations.
• Patients found the adapted questionnaire clear and readable, offering suggestions for specific terms and response options.

Conclusions:

• The Spanish-language PMQ-9 demonstrates preliminary acceptability, usability, and cultural relevance among clinicians and patients.
• The adaptation process, involving end-user input, improved linguistic accuracy and cultural fit.
• This tool has the potential to support more equitable symptom monitoring for Spanish-speaking individuals with bipolar disorder in integrated care settings.