Resolvin E1 ameliorates obstructive meibomian gland dysfuction in oleic acid induced mice model

This study explores the effects of Resolvin E1 (RvE1), a natural agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), in a novel mouse model of obstructive Meibomian gland dysfunction (oMGD) induced by oleic acid. Oleic acid was applied at varying concentrations to the eyelid margin to identify the optimal dose for MGD induction. Morphological and pathological changes in Meibomian glands (MGs) were assessed using slit-lamp examination, histological staining (H&E, Oil Red O), and molecular analyses. Male BALB/c mice (6-8 weeks) were randomly assigned to RvE1 treatment or PBS control groups, receiving eye drops twice daily for four weeks. Parameters such as tear secretion, tear breakup time (BUT), fluorescein staining, inflammatory cytokines, and PPAR-γ expression were evaluated. Oleic acid treatment at 100% concentration caused significant MG obstruction and atrophy after eight weeks, establishing an oMGD model. The severity of obstruction correlated with oleic acid concentration. RvE1 treatment upregulated PPAR-γ expression, reduced inflammatory cytokines, alleviated MG obstruction and atrophy, and improved tear film stability. This oMGD model mimics human oMGD, offering a reliable tool for studying MGD pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. RvE1 shows promise as a potential therapeutic for oMGD by reducing inflammation and enhancing MG secretion.