Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast, controlled...
Hazard Ratio01:12

Hazard Ratio

The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial evaluating a...
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Health Equity: JAMA Internal Medicine Call for Papers.

JAMA internal medicine·2026
Same author

Multilevel Stewardship Intervention for Use of Anticoagulation-Antiplatelet Therapy.

JAMA internal medicine·2026
Same author

Correction to: 2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Circulation·2026
Same author

Disparities in Physical Restraints and Antipsychotic use in Hospitalized Patients with Limited English Proficiency.

Journal of general internal medicine·2026
Same author

Distribution of Gastrointestinal and Dietary Risk Factors Among U.S. Adults Classified as Having Iron Deficiency Anemia Across Diagnostic Thresholds.

American journal of hematology·2026
Same author

Dyslipidemia in Older Adults: Balancing Prevention and Individualized Care.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2026
Same journal

"The Real Cost" Campaign: Efficacy by Design.

American journal of preventive medicine·2026
Same journal

A Model for 21st Century Public Health Education: FDA's "The Real Cost" Youth Tobacco Prevention Campaigns.

American journal of preventive medicine·2026
Same journal

Fathers' adverse childhood experiences and children's behavior problems.

American journal of preventive medicine·2026
Same journal

Darknet cryptomarket listings for abortion medications after Dobbs.

American journal of preventive medicine·2026
Same journal

Modeling the Impact of Combined Individual and Population-level National strategies for preventing type 2 diabetes.

American journal of preventive medicine·2026
Same journal

Caregiving burden and health disparities: A nationwide study of 2,180 parents caring for children with developmental disabilities in South Korea.

American journal of preventive medicine·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
07:51

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis

Published on: September 26, 2018

Comparison of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Estimates Using Enhanced PREVENT Equations.

Linnea M Wilson1, Jeremy B Sussman2, Margaret F Zupa3

  • 1Division of General Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The updated PREVENT equations improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction. Adding hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) offers better risk assessment for adults with diabetes.

Keywords:
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasediabetes mellitusrisk estimation

More Related Videos

An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model
05:37

An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model

Published on: September 16, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
07:51

Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis

Published on: September 26, 2018

An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model
05:37

An R-Based Landscape Validation of a Competing Risk Model

Published on: September 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Health Informatics

Background:

  • The American Heart Association developed the 2023 PREVENT equations to enhance cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment.
  • Previous models, like the 2013 Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs), have limitations in accurately predicting future CVD events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the risk reclassification capabilities of the PREVENT equations.
  • To evaluate the impact of incorporating optional predictors: hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2020.
  • Analysis of 10-year CVD risk estimates using base and enhanced PREVENT equations, stratified by diabetes status.
  • Inclusion of 8,293 adult participants (aged 30-79) representing 147.9 million US adults.

Main Results:

  • The enhanced PREVENT equations showed minimal differences (within 5 percentage points) for 99% of adults without diabetes.
  • For adults with diabetes, the enhanced equations provided more significant risk stratification, especially for those with high HbA1c (≥9.0%) or UACR (≥300 mg/g).
  • Individuals with HbA1c ≥9.0% showed a mean risk increase from 11.8% (base) to 17.8% (enhanced); those with UACR ≥300 mg/g saw an increase from 23.4% (base) to 36.1% (enhanced).

Conclusions:

  • Incorporating HbA1c and UACR into the PREVENT equations enhances individualized CVD risk estimation for adults with diabetes.
  • These optional predictors offer limited additional benefit for CVD risk assessment in non-diabetic populations.
  • The findings support the use of enhanced PREVENT equations for more precise CVD risk management in specific patient groups.