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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Fabrication of Flexible Image Sensor Based on Lateral NIPIN Phototransistors

Fabrication of Flexible Image Sensor Based on Lateral NIPIN Phototransistors

Published on: June 23, 2018

On-chip quadratically nonlinear photodetector.

Yu Zhang¹, Xiaoqing Chen², Mingwen Zhang¹

¹Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.

Nature Communications

|June 12, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel on-chip quadratically nonlinear photodetector (QNPD) using InSe for advanced photonic integrated circuits. This device enables sensitive optical signal processing and measurement, enhancing in-sensor computing capabilities.

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Fabrication of Flexible Image Sensor Based on Lateral NIPIN Phototransistors

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Published on: June 23, 2018

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip

Published on: November 16, 2019

Area of Science:

Photonics
Materials Science
Integrated Optics

Background:

Deterministic nonlinear photoresponse is crucial for advanced functions in photonic integrated circuits.
On-chip devices for such functions, like in-sensor computing and optoelectronic mixing, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate an on-chip quadratically nonlinear photodetector (QNPD) with enhanced functionalities.
To leverage InSe's properties for efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG) and photocurrent generation.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of an InSe p-i-n homojunction on a silicon waveguide.
Utilizing evanescent coupling for frequency up-conversion via SHG in InSe.
Generating photocurrent through absorption and the built-in electric field.

Main Results:

The QNPD exhibited a quadratic relationship between photocurrent and optical power.
Achieved a high normalized responsivity of 37.1 A/W².
Demonstrated an on-chip autocorrelator for picosecond pulse measurement with high sensitivity (6.1×10^-10 W²).

Conclusions:

The developed QNPD integrates light-light interactions for electrical monitoring of all-optically mixed signals.
The device shows significant performance improvements over existing nonlinear photodetectors.
The QNPD technology enables sophisticated on-chip optical signal processing and measurement applications.