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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.

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Exploring the Educational Utility of LLMs in Operative Dentistry Through MCQ-Based Accuracy, Semantic, and

Shilpa Bhandi1, Adam Lawlor1, Venkata Suresh Venkataiah2

  • 1College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, USA.

European Journal of Dental Education : Official Journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe
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Summary

ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 2.5 Flash show high accuracy in dental education assessments. ChatGPT-4o excels in textual similarity and readability, making it a valuable tool for dental professionals.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Education
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Large Language Models (LLMs)

Background:

  • The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into specialized fields like dentistry education is rapidly evolving.
  • Evaluating the performance of widely available LLMs is crucial for understanding their potential applications in medical training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess and compare the performance of five leading LLMs (ChatGPT-4o, Gemini 2.5 Flash, Llama 4, DeepSeek-V3, Microsoft Copilot) in the domain of dentistry education.
  • To determine the most effective LLM for supporting dental healthcare professionals and educators.

Main Methods:

  • A multiple-choice question (MCQ) based assessment system was utilized, comprising 150 MCQs across various dental specialities.
  • LLM performance was evaluated using classification metrics (accuracy, sensitivity, predictive reliability), textual similarity metrics (BLEU score, cosine similarity, Word Error Rate), and readability metrics (Flesch Reading Ease score).

Main Results:

  • Gemini 2.5 Flash and ChatGPT-4o demonstrated the highest classification accuracy, sensitivity, and predictive reliability.
  • ChatGPT-4o achieved the highest textual similarity to reference answers, indicated by a BLEU score of 0.10 ± 0.0279, cosine similarity of 0.48 ± 0.0422, and a low Word Error Rate (WER) of 5.57 ± 0.7301.
  • ChatGPT-4o also presented a Flesch Reading Ease score of 13.53 ± 4.9449, suggesting adequate readability.

Conclusions:

  • ChatGPT-4o outperformed other evaluated LLMs in accuracy, textual overlap, semantic alignment, error reduction, and readability within the context of dental education.
  • The findings suggest that ChatGPT-4o is a highly capable and valuable assistant for dental healthcare professionals and educators.