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Risk and protective factors associated with depressive symptoms in older adults with visual impairment: a systematic
Haruno Suzuki1, Heather Leutwyler1, Jacqueline M Torres2
1Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States.
The Gerontologist
|June 13, 2026
Summary
Older adults with visual impairment face depression risks from age, widowhood, and functional limits. Adaptive coping and social support are key protective factors against these symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Ophthalmology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Older adults with visual impairment are at increased risk for depressive symptoms.
- Understanding associated risk and protective factors is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize risk and protective factors for depressive symptoms in older adults (60+) with visual impairment.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative studies were identified through comprehensive searches of five databases.
- 13 studies (15 reports) met eligibility criteria; quality assessment and qualitative synthesis were performed.
Main Results:
- Risk factors identified: older age, widowhood, severe visual impairment, poor self-rated health, functional limitations (ADL/IADL).
- Protective factors identified: adaptive coping, social support, rehabilitation services, optical aids.
Conclusions:
- Adaptive coping strategies and social support are significant modifiable protective factors.
- Findings can inform interventions to improve psychological adaptation and functional independence in visually impaired older adults.
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