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Biodiversity and Human Values01:24

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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning
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Published on: March 21, 2025

Crop fields complement biodiversity in permanent grasslands across European landscapes.

Fabian A Boetzl1,2, Giovanni Tamburini3, Cristina Craioveanu4

  • 1Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Uppsala, Sweden. fabian.botzl@slu.se.

Nature Communications
|June 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Farmland biodiversity declines are linked to landscape simplification. Both grasslands and oilseed rape fields support distinct species, highlighting the need for biodiversity-friendly management in all agricultural habitats.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Temperate agricultural landscapes face significant biodiversity loss.
  • Landscape simplification is a known driver, but the roles of crop vs. non-crop habitats are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess how habitat type (grassland vs. oilseed rape) influences plant, butterfly, wild bee, and carabid diversity.
  • To investigate if increased surrounding grassland enhances biodiversity spillover into crop fields.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 86 paired permanent grasslands and oilseed rape fields across five European countries.
  • Analyzed plant, butterfly, wild bee, and carabid assemblages in relation to habitat type and landscape composition.

Main Results:

  • Habitat type, not landscape grassland amount, primarily determined species diversity and assemblage composition.
  • Plants and butterflies were more diverse in grasslands; wild bees and carabids were equally or more diverse in oilseed rape fields.
  • Increased landscape grassland affected species composition but minimally impacted habitat turnover for wild bees.

Conclusions:

  • Both permanent grasslands and oilseed rape fields host unique species, contributing complementarily to regional biodiversity.
  • Conserving semi-natural habitats and implementing biodiversity-friendly practices in crop fields are crucial for agricultural landscape conservation.