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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
Published on: April 10, 2015
Modular Synthesis of Ru(II)-Ir(III) Complexes Bridged by a Ditopic Carbanionic NHC Ligand: Influence of
Genesis Ramos-Guzmán1, Juan Olguín1
1Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Avenida IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07360, México.
Abstract:
The development of polymetallic complexes incorporating N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands is a promising strategy for achieving enhanced performance that may arise from the presence of multiple metal centers in chemical transformations and/or physicochemical properties. However, quantifying cooperativity in these systems remains a significant challenge. We report a modular synthetic strategy to obtain Ru(II)-Ir(III) heterodinuclear complexes bridged by a bis-bidentate ditopic carbanionic NHC (dc-NHC) ligand (L2). Our synthetic methodology allowed selective metal coordination at the C2 and C4 imidazolium positions. A series of homo- and heterodinuclear complexes were synthesized, fully characterized, and evaluated as catalysts in tandem α-alkylation/transfer hydrogenation of ketones with alcohols under mild, neat, and base-limited conditions. Notably, the heterodinuclear complexes [Ru-L2-Ir]PF6 and [Ir-L2-Ru]PF6 exhibited the highest catalytic activity for tandem products, compared to the corresponding monometallic Ru(II) and Ir(III) analogues under the same metal percentage loadings. Additionally, a possible contribution of the heterodinuclear arrangement was examined by kinetic experiments (Ea), which indicate lowered activation barriers for [Ru-L2-Ir]PF6.
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