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Published on: February 3, 2026
Role of Reproductive Tract Infections in Spontaneous Abortion: A Review
Tianhe Liu1,2, Dandan Xiao1, Tianqi Jiang1
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research
|June 14, 2026
Summary
Reproductive tract infections like bacterial vaginosis are linked to spontaneous abortion. Maintaining vaginal health and screening for infections during pregnancy can help prevent pregnancy loss.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Microbiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Spontaneous abortion (SA) affects a significant portion of pregnancies.
- Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) are increasingly recognized as potential contributors to SA.
- Understanding the interplay between vaginal microbiota and pregnancy outcomes is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the association between RTIs and spontaneous abortion.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms linking RTIs to SA.
- To provide evidence for clinical screening and interventions.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PubMed up to April 2026.
- Inclusion of keywords covering spontaneous abortion and various RTIs.
- Manual search of references from retrieved articles and reviews.
Main Results:
- Bacterial vaginosis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Ureaplasma parvum are significantly associated with SA.
- Vaginal dysbiosis exacerbates SA risk via inflammation and placental damage.
- Viral infections and other pathogens show controversial links to SA.
Conclusions:
- Maintaining vaginal microbiota balance is critical during pregnancy.
- Routine screening for RTIs and timely interventions are essential for preventing SA.
- Future research should focus on prospective studies to clarify pathogen transmission and optimize interventions.
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