Clinicopathological Features, Treatment Patterns, and Long-Term Survival in Patients With Testicular Cancer: A...

Testicular cancer represents the most common solid tumor in young adult males and is associated with excellent long-term survival outcomes.

The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical and pathological characteristics, treatment strategies, and survival outcomes of a large Romanian institutional cohort.

We conducted a retrospective study including 246 patients with testicular cancer treated at a tertiary oncology center between January 2005 and December 2015. Clinical, pathological, and treatment data were extracted from institutional medical records, and survival outcomes were obtained from administrative registries. Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between groups using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals. The study included 246 patients, with a mean age at diagnosis of 32.3 years. Non-seminomatous mixed germ cell tumors were the most frequent histological subtype, followed by seminoma. Stage I disease was the most common presentation, while approximately one-third of patients had advanced disease. At last follow-up, 210 patients (85.4%) were alive. Survival was significantly better in early-stage disease and worse among patients with advanced stage and poor IGCCCG risk.

In this Romanian cohort, nearly one-third of patients with testicular cancer presented with advanced-stage disease, and non-seminomatous tumors were the most frequent histological type. Long-term outcomes were excellent for stage I-II disease, while advanced stage and poor IGCCCG risk were associated with worse survival.