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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of radial pulse01:11

Assessment of radial pulse

Assessment of Radial Pulse
The radial pulse, located at the wrist, is often the preferred site for assessing peripheral pulse because of its accessibility and dependability. The process of determining the radial pulse involves several steps:
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Ultrasound-Guided Needle Release Combined with Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Supinator Syndrome
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Ultrasound-Guided Needle Release Combined with Corticosteroid Injection for the Treatment of Supinator Syndrome

Published on: May 26, 2023

Staged Centralisation and Pollicisation for Radial Longitudinal Deficiency: A Case Series Emphasising

Akira Kodama1,2, Naoya Goto3, Masaru Munemori1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

The Journal of Hand Surgery Asian-Pacific Volume
|June 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that staged surgery and pre-pollicisation rehabilitation improve hand function in children with radial longitudinal deficiency (RLD). Early index-middle finger pinch training after wrist centralisation aids postoperative grasp and pinch skills.

Keywords:
CentralisationPollicisationRadial club handRadial longitudinal deficiencyRehabilitation

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Congenital Hand Differences
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

  • Radial longitudinal deficiency (RLD) is a congenital condition affecting hand and thumb development, impairing grasp and pinch.
  • Current management involves wrist centralisation and pollicisation, but pre-operative rehabilitation strategies are underexplored.
  • This study focuses on a structured pre-pollicisation program to enhance functional outcomes in severe RLD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report early functional outcomes of staged reconstruction for severe RLD.
  • To highlight the impact of a structured pre-pollicisation rehabilitation program.
  • To assess the facilitation of index-middle finger pinch acquisition post-centralisation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of four children (six hands) with RLD treated between 2022-2024.
  • Staged reconstruction included orthotic management, wrist centralisation (~1 year), and index finger pollicisation (2-3 years).
  • A pre-pollicisation program focused on index-middle finger pinch development post-centralisation; outcomes assessed 6-18 months post-pollicisation.

Main Results:

  • All hands achieved cylindrical and spherical grasps; four showed early fine motor skills (scissor use, pre-writing).
  • Mean tape measure-pinch score was 3.5/5; wrist alignment and thumb opposition were maintained.
  • One hand with severe preoperative index finger hypoplasia showed poorer function.

Conclusions:

  • Staged centralisation and pollicisation yield promising early functional results in severe RLD.
  • Pre-pollicisation training for index-middle finger pinch appears to enhance early post-pollicisation function.
  • This rehabilitation approach may be a valuable addition to standard surgical care for RLD.