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Ferroelectrically Modulated Photoresponse in a Zero-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskite [C4N2H14][BiBr5] with a High
Yue Sun1, Jinrong Wen1, Jingshan Hou1
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Nonlead molecular ferroelectrics combining high-temperature ferroelectricity and efficient self-powered photoresponse are desirable for next-generation eco-friendly optoelectronic devices. However, the design and synthesis of such materials remain challenging. Herein, a zero-dimensional (0D) bismuth-based hybrid perovskite, [C4N2H14][BiBr5], was synthesized via a hydrothermal method. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that this compound crystallizes in the polar space group P21. The intensity of its second harmonic generation (SHG) is 1.20 times that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP). It features a high ferroelectric Curie temperature (Tc) of 529 K and a decomposition temperature of 597 K, indicative of good thermal stability from experimental characterization. Room-temperature (RT) ferroelectric hysteresis measurements reveal a saturation polarization (Ps) of 0.372 μC/cm2. A direct bandgap of 2.75 eV has been revealed by theoretical calculations and spectral analysis. Bulk ferroelectric photovoltaic effect has been detected under AM 1.5G illumination, delivering a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 1.86 nA/cm2 and an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.031 V. Critically, ferroelectric polarization modulation enhances the photocurrent density by 62-fold, reaching 114.63 nA/cm2. This work demonstrates the integration of high-temperature ferroelectricity and efficient self-powered photoresponse in a 0D nonlead hybrid system, offering a feasible strategy for developing eco-friendly self-powered photodetectors.
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