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National Tissue Freezing Protocol is Essential for Modern Cancer Care and Research.

Margaret Simonian¹

¹David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles.

Trends in Medicine

|June 15, 2026

Summary

High-quality human tissue is crucial for modern cancer care. Adopting standardized tissue freezing protocols is essential to preserve molecular integrity for advanced diagnostics and research.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Biomedical Research
Pathology

Background:

Modern cancer care and precision medicine depend on high-quality human tissues.
Current tissue preservation methods, like formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, degrade crucial biomolecules (DNA, RNA, proteins).
This degradation limits the utility of FFPE tissues for advanced molecular and multi-omics analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the limitations of traditional tissue preservation methods in healthcare.
To advocate for the adoption of standardized tissue freezing protocols.
To emphasize the importance of tissue integrity for diagnostics and research.

Main Methods:

Review of current tissue preservation practices in healthcare systems.
Comparison of molecular integrity between FFPE and frozen tissues.
Analysis of the impact of tissue preservation on multi-omics technologies.

Main Results:

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are unsuitable for modern molecular analyses due to chemical degradation.
Tissue freezing preserves molecular integrity, enabling advanced proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, and metabolomics.
Outdated preservation practices risk rendering valuable tissue samples unusable for diagnostics.

Conclusions:

Standardized tissue freezing protocols are necessary for consistent, high-quality tissue preservation.
Implementation across all hospitals, aligned with consent, storage, and transport standards, is recommended.
Adopting standardized protocols will enhance patient care and advance biomedical research.

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