Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis01:22

Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis

Direct alkylation of ammonia produces polyalkylated amines, along with a quaternary ammonium salt. To exclusively prepare primary amines, the azide synthesis method can be used.
Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
Peptide Bonds02:43

Peptide Bonds

A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para position.
Phosphodiester Linkages01:01

Phosphodiester Linkages

Overview
Phosphodiester bond forms when a phosphoric acid molecule (H3PO4) links with two hydroxyl groups (–OH) of two other molecules, forming two ester bonds. Two water molecules are released in this process. The phosphodiester bond is commonly found in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and plays a critical role in their structure and function.
Phosphodiester Bonds Link Nucleotides Together
DNA and RNA are polynucleotides or long chains of nucleotides that are linked together. A nucleotide is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Twist-tuned exchange and hysteresis in a bilayer van der Waals magnet.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Evaluation of Vascular Biomarkers in Diabetic Retinopathy Using Ultrawide-Field Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: The DRIVE Study.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026
Same author

A new 4-atom linker enables PROTAC development and imaging.

RSC chemical biology·2026
Same author

Automated Nonperfusion Quantification in Diabetic Retinopathy on Ultra-Widefield Swept-Source OCT Angiography.

Ophthalmology science·2026
Same author

High content 3D imaging by dual-view oblique plane microscopy.

PNAS nexus·2025
Same author

Magnetic Correlation Spectroscopy in CrSBr.

ACS nano·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Solid Phase Synthesis of a Functionalized Bis-Peptide Using "Safety Catch" Methodology
11:42

Solid Phase Synthesis of a Functionalized Bis-Peptide Using "Safety Catch" Methodology

Published on: May 15, 2012

Introducing azobenzenes as solid phase peptide synthesis linkers.

Connor B Śmieja1, Lizun Xin1, Tianhui Tang1

  • 1EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh David Brewster Rd Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK Alison.Hulme@ed.ac.uk.

RSC Chemical Biology
|June 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel fluorogenic C̲o̲umarin-L̲oaded A̲z̲obenzene (COLAZ) linker for solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). This linker enables the creation of peptides with latent fluorophores, demonstrated through in vitro and live-cell imaging studies.

More Related Videos

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials
08:55

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials

Published on: June 25, 2018

An Inexpensive Adaptation of a Commercial Microwave Reactor for Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis
06:19

An Inexpensive Adaptation of a Commercial Microwave Reactor for Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis

Published on: November 22, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Solid Phase Synthesis of a Functionalized Bis-Peptide Using "Safety Catch" Methodology
11:42

Solid Phase Synthesis of a Functionalized Bis-Peptide Using "Safety Catch" Methodology

Published on: May 15, 2012

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials
08:55

Facile Protocol for the Synthesis of Self-assembling Polyamine-based Peptide Amphiphiles (PPAs) and Related Biomaterials

Published on: June 25, 2018

An Inexpensive Adaptation of a Commercial Microwave Reactor for Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis
06:19

An Inexpensive Adaptation of a Commercial Microwave Reactor for Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis

Published on: November 22, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Chemical Biology

Background:

  • Orthogonally cleavable linkers are crucial for solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS).
  • Existing linkers may have limitations in stability or cleavage conditions.
  • Fluorogenic labels are valuable for tracking biomolecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel fluorogenic C̲o̲umarin-L̲oaded A̲z̲obenzene (COLAZ) linker for SPPS.
  • To demonstrate the utility of the COLAZ linker in synthesizing peptides with latent fluorophores.
  • To assess the biological compatibility and cleavage of the COLAZ unit in vitro and in live cells.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of the COLAZ linker and resin.
  • Solid-phase peptide synthesis of a model peptide (WHISKEY) with integrated coumarin label.
  • Combination of COLAZ and Rink linker technologies.
  • In vitro glutathione-induced cleavage assays.
  • Live-cell imaging using two-photon fluorescence (TPF) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS).

Main Results:

  • The COLAZ linker exhibits stability under basic and acidic conditions.
  • Mild reductive cleavage of the COLAZ linker was achieved.
  • Peptides with latent fluorophores were successfully synthesized by combining COLAZ and Rink linker technologies.
  • The COLAZ unit demonstrated biological compatibility and was cleaved by glutathione in vitro.
  • Cellular uptake of an R10 cell-penetrating peptide was visualized using TPF and SRS.

Conclusions:

  • The COLAZ linker is a versatile tool for SPPS, offering base and acid stability with mild cleavage.
  • COLAZ linker technology can be integrated with other linker systems (e.g., Rink) for advanced peptide synthesis.
  • The fluorogenic nature and biological compatibility of the COLAZ unit make it suitable for bioimaging applications.