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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...

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Related Experiment Videos

A role for nucleolin in functional improvement in stroke.

Samuel P Bridges1, Mary Hovanesyan1, Srbui Azarapetian1

  • 1Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Iscience
|June 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers found that targeting nucleolin in neurons after stroke promotes axonal regrowth and speeds up functional recovery. This suggests nucleolin manipulation is a promising strategy for stroke repair.

Keywords:
cell biologymolecular biologyneuroscience

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Stroke is a major cause of disability with limited recovery options.
  • Intrinsic repair mechanisms after ischemic injury are insufficient.
  • Identifying molecular targets to enhance brain repair is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a targetable regulator of post-stroke repair programs.
  • To investigate the role of nucleolin in axonal regeneration and functional recovery.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of modulating nucleolin function after stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Identified nucleolin as a key regulator in post-ischemic injury.
  • Performed neuron-specific subcellular targeting of axonal nucleolin.
  • Evaluated axonal sprouting and functional recovery in a motor cortex stroke model.

Main Results:

  • Nucleolin was identified as a targetable regulator of repair.
  • Neuron-specific targeting of axonal nucleolin enhanced axonal sprouting.
  • Accelerated functional recovery was observed following motor cortex stroke.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting nucleolin is a viable strategy to enhance functional recovery after stroke.
  • Modulating localized nucleolin function promotes neural repair.
  • This approach offers a novel therapeutic avenue for stroke rehabilitation.