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Gut Microbiome and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Alterations After Cardiopulmonary Bypass are Associated with Nutritional

Shoira Abdusalamovna Agzamova1, Faniya Rashidovna Babadjanova2

  • 1Department of Family Medicine No. 1, Physical Education and Civil Defense, Tashkent State Medical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology
|June 15, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) disrupts the gut microbiome and reduces beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This leads to feeding intolerance and poor growth, suggesting microbiome modulation could improve outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric cardiac surgery
  • Gastrointestinal dysfunction
  • Gut microbiome research

Background:

  • Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in young children causes systemic stress, gastrointestinal issues, and poor nutritional recovery.
  • The impact of gut microbiome disruption and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism on these outcomes is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess changes in gut microbiome composition, SCFA profiles, and nutritional status in children (0-3 years) post-CPB.
  • To determine the relationship between these changes and postoperative feeding intolerance and impaired growth.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of 20 children undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB.
  • Stool sample analysis for microbiota composition and fecal SCFA concentrations.
  • Correlation of clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory data with CPB characteristics and microbiome alterations.

Main Results:

  • Postoperative period showed significant intestinal dysbiosis with reduced beneficial bacteria and SCFA-producing taxa.
  • Fecal butyrate and propionate levels were significantly decreased.
  • Dysbiosis correlated with increased intestinal inflammation, feeding intolerance, impaired nutrient absorption, poor weight gain, and CPB duration.

Conclusions:

  • CPB in early childhood disrupts the gut microbiome and reduces SCFA production, contributing to feeding intolerance and impaired nutritional recovery.
  • Targeted gut microbiome monitoring and modulation may enhance clinical outcomes in pediatric cardiac surgery patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiopulmonary bypasscongenital heart defectsearly childhoodfeeding intolerancegut microbiomeintestinal dysbiosismicrobial metabolismnutritional statusshort-chain fatty acids

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