3D-Printed polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants in facial contouring: A short communication

This article reviews the advancements in 3D-printed polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants for facial contouring plastic surgery. PEEK has emerged as the preferred material for cranio-maxillofacial implants due to its elastic modulus,which closely matches that of human cortical bone, along with its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical strength. 3D printing technology, particularly the fused manufacturing method, enables the production of patient-specific implants with complex geometric structures and precise micro-pore designs, enhancing both bone and soft tissue integration. Clinically, it is used in mandibular defect repairs, skull reconstruction, and cosmetic shaping of the zygomatic bone and forehead. Compared to traditional implants, PEEK offers superior anatomical adaptability, stability, and postoperative outcomes. Nonetheless, challenges remain, including the need for high-temperature processing equipment, long-term performance validation, and the standardization of clinical procedures.