Multi-dimensional integrated dance therapeutics (MIDT) for fall prevention in community-dwelling older adults

Recent studies advocate for dance interventions that address the physical and psychological factors associated with fall risk. The multi-dimensional integrated dance therapeutics (MIDT) program engages participants in physical, psychological, and environmental interactions within a single dance therapeutics framework, rather than focusing solely on balance, strength, or mobility outcomes; it therefore promotes an integrated approach for fall prevention among community-dwelling older individuals. With the increase in the aging population, there is a growing demand for developing an integrated framework for fall risk reduction in the community.

This study aims to examine the significant impacts of MIDT on four health outcomes: balance, mobility, fear of falling, and state of well-being.

A quasi-experimental study without a control group was conducted to examine the effects of the MIDT program on paired dependent groups. Physical health outcomes were assessed using the unipedal stance test (balance) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG; mobility) test. Psychological outcomes, including fear of falling and state of well-being, were measured using the Fear of Falling Questionnaire - Revised (FFQ-R) and the 5-Item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), respectively. The MIDT program consisted of twelve 1.5-h sessions that included cognitive learning of fall and fall prevention concepts, core muscle strengthening exercises, dynamic balance training, body-mind intervention techniques, fall response training, and interaction with the environment.

A sample of 46 older adults was recruited from two community centers from February to May 2024. Significant positive changes were observed in both physical and psychological outcomes.

The findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of fall prevention practices. The positive outcomes demonstrate the efficacy of the MIDT program in fall prevention.

This study generates new knowledge and contributes to the development of integrated fall prevention practices for community-dwelling older adults. A multi-dimensional integrated approach incorporating fall response training and interaction with the environment, in addition to strengthening physical outcomes, is recommended.