Summary of best evidence on health education for pediatric urinary tract infections

Pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) significantly affect children's health and quality of life. Health education plays a key role in improving parental health literacy, treatment adherence, and recurrence prevention. This study aimed to systematically synthesize the best available evidence on health education for the prevention and management of pediatric UTIs to serve as a reference for clinical practice.

Following the "6S" evidence resource model, an evidence search was conducted in a top-down manner across the following sources: BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Guidelines International Network (GIN), National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC), Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO), Canadian Medical Association (CMA), New Zealand Ministry of Health Guidance Library, MedLive, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), European Association of Urology (EAU), Cochrane Library, EMbase, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP, and SinoMed. The search period covered from database inception to October 31, 2025. Two reviewers independently screened and evaluated the retrieved literature. Evidence was extracted and summarized according to the JBI evidence grading and recommendation system.

A total of 14 publications were finally included: 4 clinical decisions, 5 guidelines, 1 evidence summary, 3 expert consensuses, and 1 systematic review. Through evidence synthesis and integration, 42 best-evidence statements were developed across eight domains: disease awareness, symptom recognition, diagnosis and evaluation, urine specimen collection, imaging examinations, treatment and medication, recurrence prevention, and follow-up instructions.

This best-evidence summary comprehensively synthesizes evidence-based health education for pediatric urinary tract infections. The rigorous methodology and broad content coverage provide valuable scientific guidance for healthcare professionals involved in UTI health education.