Long-term outcome of male urethral hemangioma: a two-center study

Male urethral hemangioma is an exceedingly rare benign vascular tumor, research remains limited globally, and clinical research for it's long-term prognosis is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the procedural safety and long-term outcomes of male patients undergoing transurethral hemostasis/electrocautery for urethral hemangioma.

Data from male patients with urethral hemangioma who had undergone transurethral hemostasis/electrocautery at two hospitals from July 2018 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.

In total, twenty-nine patients with urethral hemangioma met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-nine patients underwent surgery, of whom 16 (55.2%) underwent transurethral hemostasis, and 13 (44.8%) underwent transurethral electrocautery. All procedures were conducted successfully without intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The median procedural time was 20.0 [10.0-37.5] minutes. No intraoperative complications were detected. There was no report of unplanned re-catheterization or any documented postoperative complications, including urethral stricture, urinary incontinence, retrograde ejaculation, urethral bleeding, gross hematuria, or ejaculatory pain. After a median follow-up length of 50.0 months [interquartile range (IQR), 35.0-75.5 months], there were no cases of disease recurrence. Furthermore, no long-term complications were recorded during the surveillance period, including urinary incontinence, retrograde ejaculation, urethral bleeding, ejaculatory pain, urethral stricture, or hematuria. All patients remained symptom-free at their last follow-up evaluation.

This study indicated that transurethral hemostasis/electrocautery offers high long-term stability and minor complications for male urethral hemangioma, representing a safe and effective treatment option. Clinical practice should enhance awareness of this condition, improve early diagnosis rates, and individualize surgical approach selection to optimize the outcomes and quality of life of patients.