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Bacterial Leaf Infiltration Assay for Fine Characterization of Plant Defense Responses using the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae Pathosystem

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A New Insight into the Threshold and Oscillatory Regimes in Plant-Pathogen Models: A Nutrient-Driven Approach.

Dhruba Pariyar Damay¹, Angela Peace^2,3

¹Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA. dpariyar@ttu.edu.

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology

|June 15, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nutrient availability and disease dynamics are linked in ecosystems. This study shows nutrient-driven transmission significantly impacts disease persistence and ecosystem processes in autotrophs.

Keywords:

Ecosystem disease Nutrient cycling Plant-pathogen

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Mathematical Biology
Ecosystem Dynamics

Background:

Autotroph growth and disease susceptibility are limited by nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus.
Understanding nutrient-disease interactions is crucial for predicting ecosystem health and disease outbreaks.
Infectious diseases in autotrophs can alter nutrient cycling and availability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a mathematical model for nutrient-driven disease dynamics in forest ecosystems.
To investigate the bidirectional relationship between elemental cycles and infectious diseases.
To analyze how nutrient availability and transmission rates influence disease persistence and ecosystem processes.

Main Methods:

Formulation of a five-dimensional deterministic system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations.
Incorporation of nutrient-driven transmission and nonlinear resource uptake kinetics.
Qualitative mathematical analysis (boundedness, basic reproductive number) and numerical bifurcation analyses.

Main Results:

Nutrient-disease feedbacks regulate host densities and nutrient distribution.
Nutrient-driven transmission creates distinct bifurcation structures compared to constant transmission models.
Nutrient enrichment lowers disease persistence thresholds and increases oscillatory dynamics.
Higher transmission rates reduce nutrient thresholds for disease and induce oscillations at lower nutrient levels.
Infected host uptake rates significantly influence dynamics, amplifying or dampening feedbacks and oscillations.

Conclusions:

Nutrient-driven transmission alters disease thresholds and oscillatory regimes in ecosystem models.
The findings advance ecological disease sciences by revealing dynamics not captured by constant transmission assumptions.
This research improves understanding of disease transmission in plant communities and its ecosystem-level consequences.