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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

High-efficiency generation of structured light in a Ba(NO3)2-based cascaded Raman laser.

Longjie Zhang, Zhenxu Bai, Hui Chen

    Optics Letters
    |June 15, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a high-efficiency cascaded Raman laser generating structured light, including Hermite-Gaussian (HG) and Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes. This laser offers high pulse energy and conversion efficiency for advanced light applications.

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    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis
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    Published on: September 22, 2017

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    Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

    20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
    10:17

    20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

    Published on: July 12, 2017

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis
    07:55

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

    Published on: September 22, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Laser Physics
    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Structured Light Generation

    Background:

    • Structured light lasers are crucial for advanced optical applications.
    • Efficient generation of high-order structured light modes remains a challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a high-efficiency cascaded Raman laser for structured light generation.
    • To achieve efficient conversion to high-order Hermite-Gaussian (HG) and Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a Ba(NO3)2 crystal in a non-collinear V-shaped resonator.
    • Employed large-mode-area pumping and mode-size matching for enhanced Raman gain.
    • Implemented cascaded Raman conversion to generate high-order Stokes modes.

    Main Results:

    • Generated high-quality 1D HG modes up to the 20th order and 2D HG modes.
    • Directly generated a first-order LG mode and achieved extracavity conversion to higher-order LG modes.
    • Achieved maximum pulse energies of 0.55 mJ (HG modes) and 0.64 mJ (LG mode) with efficiencies up to 42% at 1369 nm.
    • Observed pulse compression in the structured Raman output.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed cascaded Raman laser effectively generates high-energy structured light.
    • This method provides an efficient route for wavelength extension of structured light.
    • The technique enables high-efficiency generation of complex optical modes.