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Spectrophotometric Analysis of Antibiotic-Induced Tooth Discolouration: An In Vitro Study.

Mustafa A Badi¹, Funda Yilmaz², Emine Odabasi Tezer²

¹Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA.

European Endodontic Journal

|June 15, 2026

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Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and Ledermix cause significant tooth discolouration. Odontopaste showed the least discolouration but still exceeded clinical limits.

Area of Science:

Endodontics
Dental Materials Science

Background:

Tooth discolouration is a concern with intracanal medicaments.
Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) is used in endodontics, but its discolouring potential needs evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the tooth discolouration potential of TAP (minocycline or cefuroxime), Ledermix, and Odontopaste using spectrophotometry.

Main Methods:

Sixty human maxillary central incisors were used. Specimens were treated with different medicaments (TAP with minocycline, TAP with cefuroxime, Ledermix, Odontopaste) or controls.
Colour changes (ΔE) were measured spectrophotometrically at baseline and up to 12 weeks.
Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.

Main Results:

Keywords:

Ledermix Minocycline Odontopaste cefuroxime spectrophotometry tooth discolouration triple antibiotic paste

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All medicaments caused clinically perceptible tooth discolouration (ΔE > 3.7) at 12 weeks.

TAP with minocycline showed the highest discolouration, followed by Ledermix and TAP with cefuroxime.

Odontopaste exhibited the least discolouration, but still exceeded the clinically acceptable limit.

Conclusions:

All tested antibiotic-containing medicaments cause clinically perceptible tooth discolouration.
TAP with cefuroxime showed less discolouration than TAP with minocycline, but both were similar to Ledermix.
Odontopaste had the lowest discolouration but remained above the acceptable threshold.