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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Driving Under the Influence: How Music Listening Affects Driving Behaviors

Driving Under the Influence: How Music Listening Affects Driving Behaviors

Published on: March 27, 2019

Driving in sync? Applying the Normative Conflict Model to driver behavior.

Michelle Nicolls¹, Steven Love¹

¹MAIC/UniSC Road Safety Research Collaboration, University of the Sunshine Coast., 90 Sippy Downs Dr, Sippy Downs, Queensland 4556, Australia.

Journal of Safety Research

|June 15, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding driver behavior is key to road safety. The Normative Conflict Model (NCM) explains how group identity and normative conflict influence aggressive and positive driving, impacted by individual traits and traffic climate.

Keywords:

Aggressive driving Antisocial traits Group identity Positive driving Traffic climate

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Published on: March 13, 2026

Area of Science:

Psychology
Social Psychology
Traffic Safety Research

Background:

Aggressive driving poses significant road safety risks.
The Normative Conflict Model (NCM) posits that group identity and normative conflict influence adherence to road rules.
NCM outcomes can explain why drivers obey or challenge expected road behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the relationships between NCM outcomes (group identity, normative conflict) and driving behaviors (aggressive, positive).
To investigate the influence of individual factors (antisocial traits) and environmental factors (perceived traffic climate) on driving behavior within the NCM framework.

Main Methods:

A survey was conducted with 391 participants.
Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVAs) were used to compare NCM outcomes.
Correlations and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were employed to analyze relationships between variables.

Main Results:

Low normative conflict with high group identity correlated with more positive driving and less aggressive driving.
High normative conflict with high group identity correlated with more aggressive driving and higher antisocial traits.
Group identity positively related to positive driving, while negatively related to aggressive driving, antisocial traits, and negative traffic climate perceptions.

Conclusions:

The NCM framework effectively explains driver adherence to or deviation from road rules.
Individual and environmental factors significantly influence NCM constructs and subsequent driving behaviors.
Promoting positive driving involves reducing normative conflict and fostering positive social norms.