[Evidence-based clinical analysis of tissue regeneration in endodontic microsurgery]

Endodontic microsurgery, a highly effective intervention for complex periapical lesions, is performed to achieve true regeneration of periapical soft and hard tissues, including alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum. In recent years, various tissue regeneration strategies and prominently guided tissue regeneration have been integrated into endodontic microsurgery to enhance success rates and optimize defect healing. In this article, the necessity and clinical impact of employing tissue regeneration techniques across diverse endodontic microsurgery cases are evaluated by through a systematic literature review. Existing evidence demonstrates that these techniques significantly improve success rates in challenging scenarios such as large lesions, through-and-through lesions, and apical-marginal defects. In the future, relevant technical standards and clinical guidelines based on more high-quality clinical evidence must be urgently established to standardize the application of tissue regeneration techniques in microsurgical root canal therapy.