High-resolution sound source localization via non-synchronous measurements based on symmetric sparse planar array in...

To overcome the resolution limitations of conventional array topologies and non-synchronous measurement (NSM), the extended symmetric coprime and symmetric nested planar arrays with high-performance difference co-array are designed. A localization method of NSM based on symmetric sparse planar array (NSM-SSPA) is proposed that maps physical signals to equivalent difference co-array signals and completes a large cross-spectral matrix in the differential domain to greatly improve localization performance. Simulations demonstrate that the NSM-SSPA significantly enhances resolution across various frequencies and signal-to-noise ratios compared to uniform arrays. Experiments verify that this method achieves high-resolution imaging of two adjacent faulty bearings, maintaining root mean square error within 0.1 m at different rotational speeds. This fusion framework of topology and NSM provides a reliable solution for abnormal source localization.