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Grain protein and yield stability study in rainfed durum wheat RILs
Sina Ghanbari1,2, Kianoosh Cheghamirza3,4, Leila Zarei1,5
1Plant Production and Genetics Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Scientific Reports
|June 15, 2026
Summary
This study identified promising durum wheat lines for stable grain yield in rainfed conditions. Line ZD-050 exhibited high yield and broad adaptability, making it ideal for breeding programs.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Breeding
- Genetics
Background:
- Developing durum wheat cultivars with stable grain yield across diverse environments is crucial.
- Rainfed agriculture faces challenges from environmental heterogeneity, impacting crop productivity.
- Durum wheat breeding requires stable genotypes for consistent performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- Evaluate recombinant inbred lines (RILs) for grain yield (GY) and grain protein content (GPC) stability.
- Identify promising durum wheat genotypes for rainfed environments in Italy and Iran.
- Assess genotype x environment interactions for GY and GPC.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 118 RILs from a cross between Triticum durum and T. turanicum.
- Utilized combined analysis of variance to assess genotype, environment, and interaction effects.
- Applied parametric, non-parametric, AMMI, and GGE biplot methods for stability analysis.
Main Results:
- Significant genotype, environment, and interaction effects were observed for GY and GPC (p < 0.01).
- Line ZD-050 demonstrated the highest GY (3.91 t ha⁻¹), while ZD-032 had the highest GPC (14.27%).
- ZD-050 was identified as a promising genotype for yield stability and broad adaptation using multiple analytical approaches.
Conclusions:
- Line ZD-050 is an optimal candidate for breeding programs focused on yield stability under rainfed conditions.
- The study highlights the importance of genotype x environment interactions in durum wheat breeding.
- Selected RILs show potential for improving durum wheat performance in challenging environments.
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