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Published on: October 15, 2021

In-hospital case-fatality after intracerebral hemorrhage in southern Iran: a single-center retrospective study

Amirreza Radfar1, AmirAli Rastegar Kazerooni2, Mohammad Sadegh Masoudi3

  • 1School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran. amirrezaradfar19981377@gmail.com.

BMC Neurology
|June 16, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a deadly stroke. Comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, and COVID-19 significantly increase the risk of death in ICH patients, especially in resource-limited areas.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) presents a critical health challenge with high mortality rates, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
  • Understanding factors influencing in-hospital case-fatality is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify clinical factors associated with in-hospital case-fatality in patients diagnosed with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
  • To provide insights for risk stratification in resource-limited healthcare settings.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective observational study was conducted on 1,796 patients admitted with ICH between March 2018 and February 2021.
  • Data on demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes were extracted from electronic medical records.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to determine independent predictors of in-hospital mortality.

Main Results:

  • Patients who died were significantly older than survivors.
  • Comorbid conditions including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, and COVID-19 infection were more prevalent in non-survivors.
  • Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, and COVID-19 infection were independently associated with increased odds of in-hospital case-fatality.

Conclusions:

  • Several comorbid conditions are significant independent predictors of in-hospital case-fatality in patients with ICH.
  • These findings can aid in early risk stratification for ICH patients in resource-limited settings.
  • Further research incorporating clinical severity measures is recommended for enhanced risk prediction.
Abstract

Keywords:
Case-fatalityComorbiditiesIntracerebral hemorrhageIranOutcomes

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