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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Generation of Human Neurons and Oligodendrocytes from Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Neuron-Oligodendrocyte Interactions

Generation of Human Neurons and Oligodendrocytes from Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Neuron-Oligodendrocyte Interactions

Published on: November 9, 2020

Modeling striatal development and disease with human pluripotent stem cells.

Sopak Supakul¹, Yuya Sasaki², Kosuke Karasawa²

¹Division of CNS Regeneration and Drug Discovery, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan. sopak.supakul@fujita-hu.ac.jp.

Inflammation and Regeneration

|June 16, 2026

Summary

Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer a powerful in vitro model for studying the human striatum and its associated neurological disorders. These models reveal disease mechanisms and guide the development of new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:

Medium spiny neurons Pluripotent stem cells Reprogramming Striatum Transcriptomic validation

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Published on: August 26, 2021

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

The striatum is crucial for motor control, cognition, and reward processing, with dysfunction linked to neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Animal models have limitations in replicating human striatal development and disease due to species-specific differences.
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) provide a valuable in vitro platform for modeling the human striatum.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current methods for generating striatal cell types, particularly medium spiny neurons (MSNs), from PSCs.
To discuss developmental principles of striatal specification and the prolonged maturation of human MSNs.
To explore the application of PSC-derived striatal models in understanding neurological diseases.

Main Methods:

Summarizing differentiation strategies for PSCs, including small molecule patterning, transcription factor induction, and 3D organoid/assembloid systems.
Reviewing disease modeling studies using PSC-derived striatal cells, with a focus on Huntington's disease.
Integrating single-cell transcriptomic data for benchmarking PSC-derived striatal cell identity and maturation.

Main Results:

Advanced differentiation strategies have improved the efficiency, reproducibility, and cellular complexity of PSC-derived striatal models.
PSC-based models have elucidated early abnormalities in Huntington's disease at developmental, transcriptional, synaptic, and network levels.
Emerging cortico-striatal assembloid models enable circuit-level analyses.

Conclusions:

PSC-derived striatal models are advancing translational neuroscience by providing human-specific insights into development and disease.
Challenges remain in achieving complete maturation, representing non-neuronal cells, and modeling psychiatric disorders.
Integrating developmental biology, multi-omics data, and advanced modeling is key for future progress.