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Hospital-Based Robotic Applications in Nursing Practice: A Scoping Review.

Yebin Kim¹, Su In Jung¹, Seonyeong Woo¹

¹College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Nursing Scholarship : an Official Publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing

|June 16, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Robots in hospitals primarily assist with direct patient care like emotional support and monitoring. Their use in indirect care tasks, requiring professional judgment, remains limited, highlighting a need for user-centered design in robotic technology for nursing.

Keywords:

nursing nursing informatics nursing intervention robotics standardized nursing terminology technology implementation workload

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Area of Science:

Nursing Informatics
Robotics in Healthcare
Clinical Technology Integration

Background:

Robotic integration in clinical settings necessitates alignment with nursing workflows, patient needs, and clinical contexts.
Effective technology adoption requires systematic identification and classification of robot applications in hospital nursing.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically identify and classify how robots are utilized in hospital-based nursing practice.
To support effective technology adoption by classifying robotic functions using standardized nursing terminology.

Main Methods:

A scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework.
A systematic search of five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE) was performed for studies from January 2019 to July 2025.
Robotic functions were classified into direct care, indirect care, and associated work using standardized nursing terminology and established frameworks.

Main Results:

Forty studies were included, with 33 focusing on direct care (psychological, physiological, functional support).
Key direct care interventions included coping and emotional support, infection control, and vital sign monitoring.
Only one study addressed indirect care, while nine focused on associated work like errands and cleaning.

Conclusions:

Robots are predominantly used for direct patient care, with limited application in indirect care tasks demanding professional judgment.
Future robotic development should prioritize user-centered designs and ethical guidelines aligned with clinical needs.
Robotic technology can enhance nursing efficiency and improve practice environments, especially during workforce shortages or crises.