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Robotic transaxillary thyroidectomy in children: a retrospective institutional study.

Esmat Najjar^1,2, Mor Shaked Shukrun^1,2, Aiman Elmograbi^1,2

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.

|June 16, 2026

Summary

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Robotic transaxillary thyroidectomy is feasible and safe in pediatric patients, offering a scar-free neck. While operative times are longer than open surgery, outcomes show low morbidity and no recurrence in this initial study.

Area of Science:

Minimally Invasive Surgery
Pediatric Surgery
Endocrinology

Background:

Robotic transaxillary thyroidectomy offers scar-free neck results in adults.
Pediatric application is limited, despite potential psychosocial benefits.
Thyroid disease in children can be more aggressive.

Purpose of the Study:

To report the feasibility and safety of robotic transaxillary thyroidectomy in pediatric patients.
To evaluate perioperative outcomes in this specific population.
To assess the technique's potential in pediatric thyroid disease management.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients (age ≤18 years) undergoing robotic transaxillary thyroidectomy.
Data collected between January 2012 and December 2022.

Keywords:

Pediatric thyroidectomy papillary thyroid carcinoma quality of life (QoL)robotic surgery transaxillary approach

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Descriptive statistics used; no comparative analysis due to lack of control group.

Main Results:

Fifteen pediatric patients (mean age 14.3 years) underwent the procedure for various thyroid conditions.
Mean operative time was 210 minutes, decreasing to 180 minutes in later cases.
No conversions to open surgery, no vocal cord impairment, and low morbidity (hypocalcemia, seroma) observed.

Conclusions:

Robotic transaxillary thyroidectomy is technically feasible and safe in selected pediatric patients.
Low morbidity and short hospital stays were noted.
Longer operative times and lack of validated outcome data are limitations; further multi-center studies are needed.