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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview

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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

In Situ Exploration of Murine Megakaryopoiesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy
08:15

In Situ Exploration of Murine Megakaryopoiesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: September 8, 2021

Megakaryocytes Internalize and Are Activated by Immune Complexes.

Florian Puhm1,2,3, Isabelle Allaeys1,2,3, Eleonora Petito4

  • 1Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et D'immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada. (F.P., I.A., F.T., A.d.S.P.A., E.D., I.D., M.V., P.R.F., L.F., E.B.).

Circulation Research
|June 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Megakaryocytes, platelet precursors, respond to antibody-bound pathogens and autoantigens by releasing inflammatory signals. This FcγRIIA receptor-mediated process is crucial for adaptive immunity and disease.

Keywords:
adaptive immunityautoantigensextracellular vesiclemegakaryocytesmice

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Immunophenotyping and Cell Sorting of Human MKs from Human Primary Sources or Differentiated In Vitro from Hematopoietic Progenitors
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Megakaryocyte Differentiation and Platelet Formation from Human Cord Blood-derived CD34+ Cells
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Megakaryocyte Differentiation and Platelet Formation from Human Cord Blood-derived CD34+ Cells

Published on: December 27, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

In Situ Exploration of Murine Megakaryopoiesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy
08:15

In Situ Exploration of Murine Megakaryopoiesis using Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: September 8, 2021

Immunophenotyping and Cell Sorting of Human MKs from Human Primary Sources or Differentiated In Vitro from Hematopoietic Progenitors
14:30

Immunophenotyping and Cell Sorting of Human MKs from Human Primary Sources or Differentiated In Vitro from Hematopoietic Progenitors

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Megakaryocyte Differentiation and Platelet Formation from Human Cord Blood-derived CD34+ Cells
09:46

Megakaryocyte Differentiation and Platelet Formation from Human Cord Blood-derived CD34+ Cells

Published on: December 27, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Antibody receptors are vital for immunity but can cause autoimmune inflammation.
  • Megakaryocytes, platelet precursors, express these receptors, but their antibody response is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize human and mouse megakaryocyte responses to immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in autoimmune and infection contexts.
  • To investigate the role of FcγRIIA receptor signaling in megakaryocyte activation.

Main Methods:

  • Studied megakaryocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and COVID-19 models in humans and mice.
  • Utilized FcγRIIA-transgenic mice and analyzed immune complex internalization, chemokine release, and extracellular vesicle production.
  • Performed tissue spatial analysis to localize immune components and chemokines.

Main Results:

  • Megakaryocytes internalized autoantigen and SARS-CoV-2 immune complexes.
  • Immune complex engagement triggered FcγRIIA-dependent release of chemokines (e.g., CXCL2) and procoagulant extracellular vesicles.
  • CXCL2 was significantly increased in FcγRIIA-expressing mice under disease conditions, localized to megakaryocytes.

Conclusions:

  • Megakaryocytes contribute to adaptive immune responses via FcγRIIA-mediated signaling.
  • Megakaryocyte-derived extracellular vesicles resemble platelet-derived vesicles.
  • These findings highlight megakaryocytes as key players in antibody-driven immune responses and inflammation.