Indole-based kinase modulators for NSCLC: recent advances in synthetic route, SAR and molecular docking studies

The indole scaffold has gained increasing importance due to its structural versatility and ability to interact with multiple cancerous receptors relevant to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). So, the aim of this review is "Indole-Based Kinase Modulators for NSCLC: Recent Advances in Synthetic Route, Structure activity relationship (SAR) and Molecular Docking Studies for the betterment of future."

Compilation of recently food and drug administration (FDA) approved indole-based drugs and molecular docking validation. In previously reported review they individually focused on the targets such as EGFR and the other targets.

A systemic literature survey from 2020 to 2025 was done on the basis of indole as a main scaffold against different NSCLC targets. Data analysed from the given literature data.

This review tells the key structural features of indole derivatives that will increase the kinase selectivity and potency against the EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and VEGFR targets.

This review highlights indole scaffold as a core pharmacophore for multitargets against the NSCLC like EGFR, ALK/ROS1 and VEGFR. This review helps the medicinal chemist and other researchers to develop more indole-based molecules for muti kinase targets.