Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Thermodynamics of Mixing01:28

The Thermodynamics of Mixing

Mixing is a fascinating phenomenon in thermodynamics, particularly when considering the Gibbs energy of a mixture at constant temperature and pressure. This energy, denoted as G, tends to decrease during spontaneous mixing processes, offering insights into the composition changes that occur.Imagine two ideal gases, initially separated in different containers, with amounts nA and nB, respectively, both at a temperature T and pressure p. The chemical potentials of these gases have their 'pure'...
Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations01:23

Maxwell's Thermodynamic Relations

Maxwell's thermodynamic relations are very useful in solving problems in thermodynamics. Each of Maxwell's relations relates a partial differential between quantities that can be hard to measure experimentally to a partial differential between quantities that can be easily measured. These relations are a set of equations derivable from the symmetry of the second derivatives and the thermodynamic potentials.
All thermodynamic potentials are exact differentials. Therefore, their second-order...
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics01:14

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Experimentally, if object A is in equilibrium with object B, and object B is in equilibrium with object C, then object A is in equilibrium with object C. That statement of transitivity is called the "zeroth law of thermodynamics." For example, a cold metal block and a hot metal block are both placed on a metal plate at room temperature. Eventually, the cold block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium. In addition, the hot block and the plate will be in thermal equilibrium. By the zeroth...
Thermodynamic Potentials01:26

Thermodynamic Potentials

Thermodynamic potentials are state functions that are extremely useful in analyzing a thermodynamic system. They have dimensions of energy. The four important thermodynamic potentials are internal energy, enthalpy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy. These thermodynamic potentials can be expressed using two of the following variables: pressure, volume, temperature, and entropy. These two variables are expressed as the rate of change of the thermodynamic potential with respect to other...
Thermodynamic Systems01:06

Thermodynamic Systems

A thermodynamic system is a set of objects whose thermodynamic properties are of interest. The system is considered to be embedded in its surroundings or the environment. The system and its environment can exchange heat and do work on each other through a boundary that separates them. However, the immediate surroundings of the system interact with it directly and therefore have a much stronger influence on its behavior and properties.
Consider an example of  tea boiling in a kettle. The tea and...
Enthalpy02:59

Enthalpy

Chemists ordinarily use a property known as enthalpy (H) to describe the thermodynamics of chemical and physical processes. Enthalpy is defined as the sum of a system’s internal energy (E) and the mathematical product of its pressure (P) and volume (V):

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Atomistic simulations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances self-assembly in water and insertion into the <i>E. coli</i> outer membrane.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

AI-driven multiscale modeling of mechanical and corrosion properties in biodegradable Mg-Lu alloys.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Strain-induced high Curie temperature and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in a 2D ferromagnetic FePd<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>2</sub> monolayer.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Disruption of chain structures leads to ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of A<sub>2</sub>SnS<sub>5</sub> (A = Sr, Ba).

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Ferroelectric polarization-controlled hydrogen storage in heteroatom-functionalized graphene/In<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> heterostructures.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same journal

Ionic-liquid-assisted aggregation modulation of BODIPY nanoparticles for tunable photodynamic therapy performance.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Direct access to thermodynamics from equilibrium compositional heterogeneities.

Diego Moreno Martinez1

  • 1CEA, DES, ISEC, DMRC, University of Montpellier, Marcoule, France. diego.morenomartinez@cea.fr.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|June 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Extracting thermodynamic information from compositional heterogeneities in a single system simplifies property analysis. This method bypasses the need for multiple bulk states, offering broad access to local compositions and thermodynamic insights.

More Related Videos

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
11:50

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials
05:20

Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials

Published on: January 26, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
11:50

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials
05:20

Characterization of Thermal Transport in One-dimensional Solid Materials

Published on: January 26, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional thermodynamic analysis requires multiple bulk states to extract information from compositional heterogeneities.
  • Accessing thermodynamic properties across a range of local compositions is challenging with conventional methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that thermodynamic information can be extracted from equilibrium compositional heterogeneities within a single system.
  • To develop a method for accessing thermodynamic properties over a broad range of local compositions from a single simulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing equilibrium simulations to analyze compositional heterogeneities.
  • Applying the derived thermodynamic framework to a specific liquid-liquid system involving water extraction.
  • Validating the approach by comparing simulation results with experimental data.

Main Results:

  • A single equilibrium simulation is sufficient to recover broad thermodynamic behavior.
  • The excess chemical potential of water shows a simple, thermodynamically consistent dependence on local composition.
  • The method accurately reproduces experimental data and exhibits predictive power beyond the established range.
  • The observed functional dependence is intrinsic, not limited to interfacial environments.

Conclusions:

  • Compositional heterogeneities serve as an effective thermodynamic sampling tool.
  • This approach provides access to equilibrium distributions and thermodynamic properties without requiring multiple bulk states or explicit correlation functions.
  • The method is applicable beyond molecular simulations and can potentially be extended to experimental measurements.