Affinity sensors for L-lactate and lactate dehydrogenase

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Biochemistry

Background:

• L-lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are vital biomarkers in human body fluids.
• Current enzyme-based sensors for L-lactate and LDH have stability, operational, and cost limitations.
• Affinity-based sensors present a promising alternative for metabolite and enzyme detection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advancements in affinity sensors for L-lactate and LDH detection.
• To highlight novel aptamer-based biosensors for L-lactate and LDH.
• To discuss the potential of these sensors for diverse diagnostic applications.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent literature on aptamer selection and characterization for L-lactate.
• Summarization of antibody- and aptamer-based assays for LDH detection.
• Discussion of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based sensors and other probes.

Main Results:

• Development of the first L-lactate aptamers and their integration into wearable electrochemical devices.
• Demonstration of sensitive and selective affinity sensors for both L-lactate and LDH.
• Exploration of potential for multiplexed and non-invasive monitoring.

Conclusions:

• Affinity sensors offer significant improvements over conventional enzyme-based methods for L-lactate and LDH detection.
• These advanced biosensors provide accurate, cost-effective, and stable solutions for clinical and sports diagnostics.
• Future developments focus on enhancing sensitivity, selectivity, and applicability in non-invasive monitoring.