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Fractional CO2 Laser Treatment for Female Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Prospective Study.

Jian Meng1,2, Qiao Li1,2, Yajing Wang1,2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.

International Urogynecology Journal
|June 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Fractional CO2 laser therapy shows promise for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women. While effective for severe SUI, long-term benefits for mild-to-moderate cases are limited, suggesting personalized treatment approaches.

Keywords:
Efficacy evaluationFractional CO2 laserPelvic floor muscle functionStress urinary incontinenceWomen’s health

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gynecology
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) significantly impacts women's quality of life.
  • Fractional CO2 laser (FxCO2) therapy is an emerging energy-based treatment for SUI.
  • Long-term efficacy and optimal patient selection for FxCO2 therapy require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the 12-month efficacy and safety of FxCO2 therapy for female SUI.
  • To explore the relationship between treatment outcomes and baseline disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective self-controlled study involving 66 women with SUI.
  • Three sessions of FxCO2 therapy administered.
  • Comprehensive assessments including ICIQ-SF, 1-h pad test, and pelvic floor muscle strength evaluated at multiple time points up to 12 months.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in ICIQ-SF scores, urine leakage, and pelvic floor muscle strength observed at all follow-ups (p < 0.001).
  • Mild SUI cases maintained benefits, while moderate-to-severe cases showed diminished long-term effects.
  • Minimum clinically important difference (MCID) analysis indicated clear clinical benefits only in severe SUI cases at specific follow-up points.

Conclusions:

  • FxCO2 laser treatment can alleviate SUI symptoms and enhance pelvic floor function.
  • Treatment effectiveness is closely linked to the initial severity of SUI.
  • Personalized management strategies and consideration of combined therapies are recommended for moderate-to-severe SUI cases to optimize outcomes.