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Related Concept Videos

Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Effect of Anti-c-fms Antibody on Osteoclast Formation and Proliferation of Osteoclast Precursor In Vitro
07:51

Effect of Anti-c-fms Antibody on Osteoclast Formation and Proliferation of Osteoclast Precursor In Vitro

Published on: March 18, 2019

Complement factor H (CFH), an immune factor enhances osteoblast differentiation and correlates with bone density.

Li Chen1,2, Huimin Hu2,3,4, Weimin Qiu2

  • 1Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|June 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Complement factor H (CFH) regulates bone formation. Low CFH impairs osteoblast differentiation and bone mass, while supplementation enhances it, suggesting CFH

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Effect of Anti-c-fms Antibody on Osteoclast Formation and Proliferation of Osteoclast Precursor In Vitro
07:51

Effect of Anti-c-fms Antibody on Osteoclast Formation and Proliferation of Osteoclast Precursor In Vitro

Published on: March 18, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Bone Biology
  • Immunology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Complement factor H (CFH) is a key immune regulator.
  • Its role in bone metabolism is not well understood.
  • CFH is secreted by human bone marrow skeletal stem cells (hBMSCs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CFH in osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis.
  • To determine the clinical relevance of CFH in bone-related disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Studied CFH effects on hBMSC osteoblast differentiation in vitro.
  • Analyzed bone mass, formation, and strength in CFH-deficient (CFH-/-) mice.
  • Assessed fracture healing and bone loss models (ovariectomy, high-fat diet).
  • Correlated plasma CFH levels with fracture risk, BMD, and osteoporosis in patients.

Main Results:

  • CFH deficiency impaired osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in vitro and in vivo.
  • CFH supplementation enhanced osteoblast differentiation.
  • CFH-/- mice showed reduced bone mass, strength, and delayed fracture healing.
  • Low plasma CFH correlated with increased fracture risk and osteoporosis.

Conclusions:

  • CFH is a critical regulator of osteogenesis and bone homeostasis.
  • CFH levels are associated with bone health and osteoporosis in humans.
  • CFH represents a potential therapeutic target for bone disorders.