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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
Patient-centered Care01:13

Patient-centered Care

Patient-centered care involves delivering care beyond inpatient hospitalization. Reflective practice can enhance a patient-centered approach. Reflective practice is a process of reasoning that considers all aspects of the present situation, including practicalities, learning from personal practice, and consideration of patient needs. Patients appreciate care decisions made while considering their input. Involving the patient in their care provides the patient with a sense of contribution rather...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
14:32

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Published on: February 16, 2011

Enhancing Patient Participation in Co-Productive Decision-Making With Personal Value Sets: Clinical Trial Prototype.

Jack Dowie1, Mette Kjer Kaltoft2, Vije Kumar Rajput3

  • 1Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.

Journal of Participatory Medicine
|June 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new Personal Utility Set for Healthcare (PUSH) approach enhances patient involvement in clinical decisions by using scale-based items instead of choice-based ones for utility value estimation. This method supports shared decision-making for quality-adjusted life year estimates.

Keywords:
EQ-5D-5Lclinical decision supportpatient preferencespatient-reported outcome measurespersonal utility set

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Area of Science:

  • Health Economics
  • Decision Science
  • Patient-Reported Outcomes

Background:

  • Current methods for establishing public utility sets for health measures in quality-adjusted life year (QALY) estimates are often indirect and may not fully capture individual patient values.
  • Conventional approaches for eliciting personal utility functions can be time-consuming and cognitively demanding, limiting their feasibility in clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel approach, the Personal Utility Set for Healthcare (PUSH), for establishing public utility sets by first eliciting individual patient utility sets.
  • To transform patient participation in clinical decision-making by developing a more practical and patient-centered method for utility assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of the online elicitation of personal utility functions by replacing choice-based items with scale-based items to improve clinical feasibility.
  • Development of the PUSH approach as a decision support tool, implemented as a spreadsheet workbook, facilitating clinician-assisted, non-directive elicitation of patient utility sets.
  • Application of PUSH with the EQ-5D-5L health status instrument, integrating patient-specific utility values with country-specific public utility sets for various health states and interventions.

Main Results:

  • The PUSH approach provides a practical method for eliciting individual utility sets within a clinical consultation, overcoming the limitations of previous methods.
  • The tool facilitates a deliberative, co-productive decision-making process, offering personalized evaluation of interventions informed by patient and clinician inputs.
  • Outputs are designed to serve as analysis-framed inputs for discussions on treatment choices, promoting shared decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • The PUSH approach represents a significant clinical innovation, enhancing patient engagement and clinician contribution in the decision-making process.
  • This method offers a more personalized and practical way to incorporate patient values into health economic evaluations and clinical choices.
  • Further development and critique are needed to establish a robust trial protocol for PUSH, including clinician training.