SeDeM-Guided Design and Optimization of MCC-Calcium Sulfate Co-Processed Excipient (MCCASUL) for Direct Compression...

Direct compression is a generally preferred for tablet manufacturing method. However, it demands excipients with balanced flowability, compressibility, and packing properties. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and calcium sulphate (CaSO₄) have balancing functionalities but individual limitations. To develop and optimize a novel MCC-CaSO₄ co-processed excipient (MCCASUL) for direct compression application using the SeDeM Expert System. To determine critical material attributes (CMA),12 SeDeM parameters were used to categorised MCC and CaSO₄. Functional indices, Parametric Profile Index (IPP), and Good Compression Index (IGC) were also calculated. To overcome the compressibility deficiency of CaSO₄ the required proportion of MCC was determined using SeDeM dilution potential equation. Co-dispersion method was used to prepare 9 MCCASUL batch with varying MCC:CaSO₄ ratios and further evaluated using SeDeM indices. Further characterization by FTIR, DSC, SEM, Heckel, and Kawakita analyses were performed for the optimised batch. MCC was more compressible (ѱc = 7.00) than CaSO₄ (ѱc = 4.67). The theoretical amount of correction for MCC was 14.16% among the batch preparation made, MCCASUL 4 exhibited the best results (IPP = 6.50, ѱf = 7.46, ѱc = 6.31). FTIR analysis proved the compatibility between the materials, DSC analysis revealed that modified thermal characteristics were stable, and SEM revealed improved morphology. With SeDeM expert System, co-processing yielded MCCASUL a highly versatile excipient that exhibited superior flowability, compressibility and stability and showed immense potential for direct compression tablet production.