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Decoding the Mystery of Sugarcane Genome-Based Breeding: Current Advancements, Strategies, and Future Challenges
Qian Du1,2, Liang Nie2,3, Ya-Nan Kou2,3
1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Plant, Cell & Environment
|June 17, 2026
Summary
Genomic advancements are crucial for improving sugarcane breeding programs to meet global demands for sugar and biofuels. New strategies in polyploid genome assembly and big data analysis accelerate the development of elite sugarcane cultivars with enhanced traits.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Genomics
- Plant Breeding
Background:
- Sugarcane is vital for global sugar and biofuel production.
- Increasing global demand necessitates enhanced sugarcane varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses.
- Traditional breeding methods face limitations due to sugarcane's complex genome and polyploidy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review challenges and advancements in genomics-enabled sugarcane improvement.
- To discuss strategies for polyploid genome assembly and pangenome development.
- To highlight the integration of genomic resources into advanced breeding strategies and big data approaches.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on sugarcane genomics and breeding.
- Analysis of strategies for polyploid genome assembly and graph-based pangenome construction.
- Examination of advancements in multi-omics datasets and precision genetic engineering tools.
Main Results:
- High-quality reference genomes and comprehensive multi-omics datasets have been generated.
- Novel algorithms and graph-based pangenomes are improving the capture of genomic diversity.
- Precision genetic engineering tools enable targeted manipulation of alleles for trait improvement.
Conclusions:
- Genomics offers powerful tools to accelerate sugarcane breeding and genetic improvement.
- Gene editing technologies are reshaping crop enhancement strategies for sugarcane.
- Future perspectives focus on leveraging big data and advanced genomics for sustainable sugarcane development.
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