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Updated: Jun 18, 2026
09:12
A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
Published on: June 15, 2018
Host immunity and recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: a comprehensive review
Seyedsina Mirjalili1, Mohammad Hosseini Hooshiar2, Soroush Abbasabadarabi3
1School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Pathogens and Global Health
|June 17, 2026
Summary
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) recurrence is common, influenced by antibiotics and host immunity. Understanding the immune response is key to developing new treatments for recurrent CDI.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Clostridioides difficile is a major cause of healthcare-associated gastrointestinal infections.
- Recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI) affects 15-35% of cases and is an urgent threat.
- Pathogenesis involves virulence factors, inflammation, epithelial damage, and host-microbiota interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on C. difficile recurrence.
- To highlight the role of the host immune response in rCDI.
- To identify potential new therapeutic targets for rCDI.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on C. difficile infection and recurrence.
- Analysis of factors influencing CDI pathogenesis and recurrence.
- Summary of current and emerging therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Host immune responses are crucial in determining CDI recurrence.
- Hypervirulent strains can exacerbate rCDI.
- Current treatments like FMT and antibody therapies show promise but understanding immunity is incomplete.
Conclusions:
- The immunological mechanisms underlying rCDI require further investigation.
- A deeper understanding of host immunity can lead to novel therapeutic targets.
- Targeting the immune response may improve outcomes for patients with recurrent C. difficile infection.
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