Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 18, 2026

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
Published on: August 12, 2020
Retrospective Study of Pathogen Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance in 283 Neonates with Bloodstream Infections
Manhui Zhang1, Xian Xia1, Mengjiao Xu2
1Department of Disease Control and Prevention, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China.
Objective:
To characterize pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance among neonates with bloodstream infections at a Grade-A tertiary medical center in China.
Methods:
This retrospective study reviewed clinical data, culture results, and antimicrobial resistance information from neonates admitted between January 2021 and December 2024. Clinical specimens were collected in accordance with standard protocols for culture. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using an automated microbial identification system, with results interpreted according to the CLSI standards of the corresponding testing year.
Results:
Of 652 neonates admitted within 3 days of life, 283 had blood-culture-proven bloodstream infection; blood-culture positivity was 22.65%. Common bloodstream isolates included Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Staphylococcus epidermidis showed high resistance to penicillin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, and erythromycin, whereas Klebsiella pneumoniae was frequently resistant to cefepime and piperacillin-tazobactam. Among 290 blood-culture isolates, 161 (55.52%) were Gram-positive bacteria, including 109 MDR isolates (67.70%), and 122 (42.07%) were Gram-negative bacteria, including 32 MDR isolates (26.23%). Preterm infants, low-birth-weight infants, and late-onset bloodstream infections accounted for large proportions of the cases.
Conclusion:
Local surveillance of pathogen distribution and resistance patterns can support antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention in neonatal care.
Related Concept Videos
Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA
Development of the Oral Microbiota
Development of Human Microbiota
