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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
The Electrical Double Layer01:30

The Electrical Double Layer

In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

An Inorganic Layered Coordination Polymer as High-Performance Solid-State Electrolyte for Stable Lithium Metal

Shuangyu Song1, Qimeng Sheng1, Qiangqiang Qiao1

  • 1College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel solid-state electrolyte from a Hofmann-type framework material for high-energy solid-state lithium metal batteries. This new material enhances lithium-ion conductivity and interfacial stability, paving the way for safer and more efficient batteries.

Keywords:
Li3Ncoordination polymerlithium‐ion conductionnanoconfinementsolid‐state electrolyte

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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) face challenges like low ionic conductivity and interfacial instability, limiting solid-state lithium metal battery (SSLMB) development.
  • Heterogeneous ion flux and unstable interfaces are key hurdles for high-energy-density SSLMBs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a novel SSE using a two-dimensional Hofmann-type framework material (HFM) for improved Li+ conductivity and interfacial stability.
  • To investigate the effect of guest solvent molecules on HFM structure and Li+ transport properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized a 2D HFM and modulated its interlayer spacing using different solvent molecules.
  • Characterized the SSE's ionic conductivity and electrochemical performance in Li||Li symmetric and LiFePO4||Li full cells.
  • Analyzed the Li-electrolyte interface using techniques to identify the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) composition.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high ionic conductivity (1.51 mS cm-1) using methoxymethane (DME) as the guest molecule, creating selective Li+ pathways.
  • Demonstrated stable cycling (>3000 h) in Li||Li symmetric cells and high capacity retention (96.3% after 500 cycles) in LiFePO4||Li full cells.
  • Observed the formation of a Li3N-rich SEI layer, enhancing lithium anode stability.

Conclusions:

  • The nanoconfined electrolyte system effectively bridges ion-selective nanochannels with a stabilized interphase.
  • This HFM-derived SSE offers a promising platform for next-generation high-energy-density solid-state batteries.
  • Modulating interlayer spacing with guest molecules is a viable strategy for designing advanced SSEs.